Toyota Motor Corporation Business Sample

Toyota Motor Corporation Business Sample Toyota Motor Corporation Business Essay Example Toyota Motor Corporation Business Essay Example Toyota has become one of the leaders in vehicle industry. Its history goes back to the 1930s, when the company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda. Toyota Company was a branch project of Toyota Automatic Loom Works run by founder’s son. Its first creations were A1 and G1 passenger vehicles. Only in August 1937, Toyota Company was established as a separate entity. Ever since that time, company had encored its positions on a global market. In 2012, Toyota Motors Corporation was the largest manufacturer in the world by production capacities. Starting from this year, 2014 it occupies the fourteenth place in the world by revenue. Toyota Way The company’s values and business style in terms of management are known as the Toyota Way. Toyota Way is a code of conduct embraced by all of its employees. Amongst its content there are two headings Respect for People and Continuous Improvement that lay the foundation for five major principles that include: challenge, improvement, go and see, respect and teamwork (Toyota Motor Corporation, n.d.). The Toyota Way encounters four main components that are essential for its operations: long-term thinking, problem-solving process, adding value and root problem solving leads to organizational learning. Toyota’s global vision reflects its intentions to lead the way to the future of mobility via enriching lives around the world with the safe and responsible ways of moving people. They seek to achieve the mentioned above through commitment to quality, constant innovation and respect for the planet, exceeding expectations with a smile as a reward from customers. The company also emphasizes on involvement of those who are talented and passionate who seek better ways of achieving corporate goals. Tracing back to its foundation, the Toyota Company has changed the course of its products and services. The Toyota Grop consists of 16 companies that provide goods and services. Its product line includes manufacturing of automobiles, luxury vehicles, commercial vehicles, engines and motorcycles. Services, provided by Toyota embrace banking, financing and leasing. The Toyota Company also performs an expertise in fields that are not related to the automobile business: housing, financial ser vices, environmental (marine, biotechnology and afforestation) and communications. Its headquarters are located in Toyota city in the Aichi prefecture in Japan. Ten of its plants operate in Japan. Its geographical presence embraces manufacturing or assembling plants in North and South Americas region, Europe and Asia and Oceania. As of March 2014, the Toyota’s: capital was worth 80.4 billion yen; net sales 2,007.8 billion yen; net income 91.7 billion yen. During 2012 and 2013 total sales were 9,748,000 and 9,980,000 yen respectively (Reuters Financial, 2014). 1. Every company seeks the way to increase profits Thus, expanding the geographical borders is means – maximizing profits and minimizing risks. Starting as a domestic company that manufactured passenger cars, the Toyota Company has managed to occupy leading positions on the world market. Its first model passenger car was around 3,500 yen that was cheaper than analogues offered by General Motors or Ford. Another significant push for making business globally is related to company’s marketing campaigns and strategies that are developed locally. It helps to adjust business to local demands with the quality and reputation of the brand. The Toyota Company makes a huge emphasis on its philosophy and corporate culture. They pose themselves as modest brand that provides quality products. The product line embraces all different types of vehicles, from small, luxury to big-size trucks. It closely coincides with customer demand. Innovation is one of the major factors that attract customers. The company implements its innovations through the creation of vehicles that have unique characteristics because of optimization and differentiation on the regional level. Another peculiar feature of Toyota on an automobile market related to innovations is realized through creation of basic high-quality parts that are cross-usable in different products (Thompson, 2014). Expanding means establishing its production within a specific region and thus, it affects the budget and as a result – profit. Over the course of its development up to this date, the Toyota Company consists of 540 consolidated subsidiaries and 226 affiliates worldwide with 333,498 members of employed staff as of March 2014. To sum up above, Toyota has managed to become a flagman in an automobile industry via innovative approach to manufacture a variety of products that fit into different categories of customer segment. Besides, the Company has a highly developed and successful marketing course of development that helped to enter foreign markets and adjust to its rules. 2. The competitive advantage of Toyota can be explained by Porter’s model Threat of New Entry (Weak): Large amÐ ¾unt of capital required High retaliatiÐ ¾n pÐ ¾ssible from existing cÐ ¾mpanies, if new entrants wÐ ¾uld bring innÐ ¾vative prÐ ¾ducts and ideas to the industry; Few legal barriers prÐ ¾tect cÐ ¾mpany from new entrants; The company has established brand image and reputation; Products are mainly differentiated by design and engineering quality; New entrant could easily access suppliers and distributors; It is very hard to achieve economies of scale for small companies; GÐ ¾vernments Ð ¾ften prÐ ¾tect their home markets by intrÐ ¾ducing high import taxes; Supplier power (Weak): Large number of suppliers; Some suppliers are large but the most of them are pretty small; Company uses another type of material (use one metal instead of another) but only to some extent (plastic instead of metal); Materials widely accessible; Suppliers do not pose any threat of forward integration; Buyer power (Strong): There are many buyers; Most of the buyers are individuals that buy one car, but corporates or governments usually buy large fleets and can bargain for lower prices; Buyers are price sensitive and their decision is often based on how much does a vehicle cost; Buyers do not threaten backward integration; Threat of Substitutes (Weak): There are many alternative types of transportation, such as bicycles, motorcycles, trains, buses or planes; Substitutes can rarely offer the same convenience; Alternative types of transportation almost always cost less and sometimes are more environment friendly; Competitive Rivalry (Very Strong): Moderate number of competitors; If a firm would decide to leave an industry it would incur huge losses, so most of the time it either bankrupts or stays in automotive industry for the lifetime; Industry is very large but matured; Size of competing firm’s varying but they usually compete for different consumer segments; Customers are loyal to their brands; There is moderate threat of being acquired by a competitor; (Nkomo, 2013, p.4). 3. External environmental factors are important for the proper growth, which leads to occupation of leading position on domestic and later on global markets. Toyota has managed to achieve success via thorough guidelines and principles of business that were created within the company. While entering business, especially automobile industry it is not enough to know competitors, one should have clear understanding of what advantages your company has over others on a market; thus, it shows ways for improvement. The Toyota Company has become a leader on the market not in one day. In 2012, the Toyota Motors Corporation was recognized as the largest automobile manufacturer in the world, with the reported production of 200-millionth vehicle in the middle of that year. Its annual production of vehicles reaches 10 million. The biggest share of its success belongs to production system, known as â€Å"lean manufacturing system† or â€Å"just-in-time system† that has become popular worldwide and thus, studied. The system functions in the way of producing vehicles ordered by customers in the quickest and the most efficient way. The method helps to deliver vehicles in a short period. Firstly, it explains the significant number of factories all over the world that work for a specific region. Secondly, this approach helps to establish so-called communication with customers and ability to be flexible in fast-changing tastes and trends. Economic factors are also important for the company’s growth. The economic system and policies, nature of the economy of the country, trade cycles, level and distribution of income define the economic environment of the company (Jain et al., 2006). One of the examples, describing mentioned above is connected with Toyota entering North American market. The company has entered the market with its small passenger cars that were cheaper that those of competitors. During the oil crisis in 1970s, the Toyota was able to respond to customer demand for small cars with improved fuel economy while competitors were producing small cars of lower quality. It shows that the Company had healthy and fast-responding solution to the situation both on a global scale (oil crisis) and customer demand within a region (small cars with effective fuel consumption). Socioeconomic factors are related to the brand’s features – quality, reliability and durability. Over a span of time, the Toyota has become the most trusted vehicle manufacturer in the world. After launching a luxury line, it had become a symbol of status. Toyota’s input into socioeconomic development of every country always associates with respect. The laws of a country are valued by fair corporate actions from senior management. Thus, Toyota has gained general recognition from the society. Company’s priorities in each country combine awareness of traffic laws and work-life balance for its employees. Financial performance of Toyota is determined as outperformed. During the last five years, total assets increased 586.8 billion yen to 3,243.8 billion yen that can be explained in terms of an increase in market value of investment securities. Liabilities grew due to an increase in deferred tax liabilities. Net assets growth is estimated at the level of 327.2 billion yen. Cash flow from operating activities rose due to posting income before income taxes. In comparison with the last fiscal year, net case has also grown. Cash flows from investing activities resulted in a decrease in cash of 274.2 billion yen, resulted by increase in payments for purchases of property, plant and equipment (Toyota Industries: Financial Summary, 2013). When analyzing Toyota’s presence in the US market, for example, it is important to highlight that Toyota has minimum political and legal implications. It is connected with company does not have to deal with unions has minimal financial burden along with the retirement and financial plans. There is no need for the company to splurge budgets on legal costs associated with its operations and health care expenditures. The government within the country where the company runs its business outlines legal framework for the Toyota. In the United States, there are laws that are directly applied for the company – competition, consumer protection or taxation and emission laws. Physical factors are associated with challenges that company has faced while being among the leaders in automobile manufacturing. These are forces that have a direct impact on plans, strategies and decisions made by the company. Challenges embrace the wide spectrum of spheres including: intense and high competition economic crisis of 2008 malfunction of products (Camry Solara and Lexus, four million of which were recalled by the company; 2009-2010 the Company recalled around eight million cars and trucks manufactured in the US) Political environment of the Toyota Company is affected by the decisions related to marketing and thus, development of new products. Despite of the geographical location, companies are still vulnerable to a political environment within a specific country. However, states are interested in maintaining companies inside of the country as they give working places and are subject to taxation. With its number of consolidated companies and affiliates, the Toyota Company belongs to the bunch that is protected by local governments with further creation of competition on the market, adding customer values. Sociocultural factors refer to the influence of certain social and cultural factors on an organisation. The factors influencing the social environment of an organization are usually beyond the control of the Toyota Company and may include the following: attitude of people to work, religion, cast etc. The Toyota Company has established The Toyota Way internal principles and guidelines for its employees. The staff has to embrace and follow five principles: challenge, improvement, go and see, respect and teamwork. A lot of work is done by creating comfortable conditions for local staff and creating opportunities via incentives and programs aimed at growth both personal and professional. The Company has launched Corporate Citizenship program that includes environmental awareness, traffic safety, education and input into the society by volunteering. Technological environment is a driving force for future development. Toyota spends a lot of time working on technological advance and production of products of the highest quality. For example, back in 1997 the company was the first who launched mass production of hybrid electric vehicles (Toyota Prius). Technological environment means the creation of cars that are popular with consumers. They are popular because of safety of its products, environmental issue, and engagement with intelligent transport systems outside of the vehicle. For example, Corolla model that is present on the market for over 17 years has been attractive to customers due to important features such as gas expenditure and low maintain cost (Flynn, 2013). The Toyota is one of the leaders on automobile market and industry as well. Success coincides with some of the challenges that the company had to face in the mid 2000s related to technical malfunctions of its products. It took many resources, tangible and intangible in order to solve these issues and restore its reputation. The biggest achievement of Toyota is an ability the products of Toyota to be beneficial for the society and environment at the same time. Over the time, the company has gained success on the market leading to the constant demand of its product, thus, profit as well. The Company always seeks new ways in technology to improve its products, which is promising for company’s career. Recommendations Toyota Motor Corporation should seek ways to detect bugs while products are not sold to the end consumers. It will enable efficient control and responsibility. Business expansion is possible in new emerging economies. For it, Toyota has to be flexible and responsive to local market demands. Emerging economies are new horizons to be discovered by Toyota. The Company should pursue its innovative approach towards environmentally-sound products not only in automobile industry.

The Flag of the United States of Mexico

The Flag of the United States of Mexico There have been a few looks for the flag of Mexico since its independence from Spanish rule in 1821, but its overall look has remained the same: green, white and red and a coat of arms in the center that is a nod to the Aztec Empires capital of Tenochtitlan, formerly based in Mexico City in 1325. The flag colors are the same colors of the national liberation army in Mexico. Visual Description The Mexican flag is a rectangle with three vertical stripes: green, white and red from left to right. The stripes are of equal width. In the center of the flag is a design of an eagle, perched on a cactus, eating a snake. The cactus in on an island in a lake, and beneath is a garland of green leaves and a red, white and green ribbon. Without the coat of arms, the Mexican flag looks like the Italian flag, with the same colors in the same order, although the Mexican flag is longer and the colors are a darker shade. History of the Flag The national liberation army, known as the Army of the Three Guarantees, officially formed after the struggle for independence. Their flag was white, green and red with three yellow stars. The first flag of the new Mexican republic was modified from the armys flag. The first Mexican flag is very similar to the one used today, but the eagle is not shown with a snake, instead, it is wearing a crown. In 1823, the design was modified to include the snake, although the eagle was in a different pose, facing the other direction. It underwent minor changes in 1916 and 1934 before the current version was officially adopted in 1968. Flag of the Second Empire Since independence, only on one occasion has the Mexican flag undergone a drastic revision. In 1864, for three years, Mexico was ruled by Maximilian of Austria, a European nobleman imposed as the emperor of Mexico by France. He redesigned the flag. The colors stayed the same, but golden royal eagles were put in each corner, and the coat of arms was framed by two golden griffins and included the phrase Equidad en la Justicia, meaning   Equity in Justice.† When Maximilian was deposed and killed in 1867, the old flag was restored. Symbolism of the Colors When the flag was first adopted, the green symbolically stood for independence from Spain, the white for Catholicism and the red for unity. During the secular presidency of Benito Juarez, the meanings were changed to mean green for hope, white for unity and red for the spilled blood of fallen national heroes. These meanings are known by tradition, nowhere in Mexican law or in the documentation does it clearly state the official symbolism of the colors. Symbolism of the Coat of Arms The eagle, snake, and cactus refer back to an old Aztec legend. The Aztecs were a nomadic tribe in northern Mexico who followed a prophecy that they should make their home where they saw an eagle perched on a cactus while eating a snake. They wandered until they came to a lake, formerly Lake Texcoco, in central Mexico, where they saw the eagle and founded what would become the mighty city of Tenochtitln, now Mexico City. After the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, Lake Texcoco was drained by the Spanish in an effort to control continuous lake flooding. Flag Protocol February 24 is Flag Day in Mexico, celebrating the day in 1821 when different rebel armies joined together to secure independence from Spain. When the national anthem is played, Mexicans must salute the flag by holding their right hand, palm down, over their heart. Like other national flags, it may be flown at half-staff in official mourning upon the death of someone important. Importance of the Flag Like people from other nations, Mexicans are very proud of their flag and like to show it off. Many private individuals or companies will fly them proudly. In 1999, President Ernesto Zedillo commissioned giant flags for several important historical sites. These banderas monumentales or â€Å"monumental banners† can be seen for miles and were so popular that several state and local governments made their own. In 2007, Paulina Rubio, famous Mexican singer, actress, TV hostess, and model, appeared in a magazine photo shoot wearing only a Mexican flag. It created quite the controversy, although she later said that she meant no offense and apologized if her actions were viewed as a sign of disrespect of the flag.

Eating Behaviour and Dietary Quality in College Students Thesis

Eating Behaviour and Dietary Quality in College Students - Thesis Example Eating competence explains how normal people eat. It is descriptive in that sense and rigid only for that group who are not comfortable with their current eating or who are concerned about their diet and health, and seek to make a dietary transformation from distorted eating to competent eating (Satter, 2007). Distorted eating mainly arises from disordered eating that involves disturbed eating as well as unhealthy eating patterns. Such kinds of eating include eating habits such as restrictive eating, skipping meals, or even compulsive eating (Heartherton, Nichols & Mahamedi, Keel, 1995). Weight Watchers, which a lot of people hype as the finest of the diet centers because of its dependence on real, unmarked food as well as flexible menu options, does not help people in understanding and knowing about the inner competence on eating. This comes down to the issue of trust against control, according to the nutritionist Ellyn Satter, who takes care of â€Å"dieting casualties† in her practice. She reckons that people require learning to believe that they will get filled, even on food they think as highly desirable, and recognize that they can reliably control their own food intake, instead of depending on exterior rules to control those choices. â€Å"Weight Watchers is good at easing up food choices, teaching people how to eat carefully, and encouraging them to add to the diversity of food in their diet,† states Satter. â€Å"But it is still essentially a control stance they apply† (Satter, 2007, p. 56). When people rely on exterior ruleranges, and diet cops to control their eating, their association to food remains delicate. There are four factors that make up eating competence. One such factor is having a good attitude towards food and eating. This involves enjoying the food and not feeling guilty about the food or the enjoyment.  The increase of disordered eating has persisted in relation to behaviours and attitudes expressed at an early age. Studies of youthful girls disclose that a range of emotional and physical risk factors forecast later disordered eating. They include high levels of adverse emotionality, body discontent, and early age of menarche. In addition to emotional and physical factors, it has been advocated that certain situations or cultural climates intensify the risk of eating disorders, mainly in individuals who display the aforesaid risk factors. Some investigators have recognized college as an environmental risk aspect for eating disorder.  

Computer Communications & Networks Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Computer Communications & Networks - Lab Report Example The paper tells that the approach for accessing X stream from a remote location encompasses Open System Interconnection (OSI) as well as the TCP/IP model. There are many methods, procedures, technologies and processes that are associated with each layer of these two OSI models. However, in order to explain the connectivity of X stream from a remote location or home, we will align findings with the TCP/IP OSI model. The TCP/IP model is not completely aligned with the OSI model. Unfortunately, there is no existence of an agreement associated with the description of the TCP/IP model. Usually, it is considered and agreed that the TCP/IP model has less layers than the OSI model i.e. The application layer incorporates protocols including FTP, SMTP, Telnet etc. These application layer protocols send data to the next layer i.e. transport layer. The transport layer than constructs the header and data to send it via Transmission control Protocol (TCP) or User Data gram Protocol (UDP). Likewise , the network layer assigns the IP address and delivers the packet to the required Ethernet present at the network access layer. After discussing the layers of the TCP/IP Model, the researcher will discuss protocol layering on these layers in order to explain the access mechanisms that are carried out when a home user wants to access the X stream. However, protocol layering is not easy, as it may seem difficult to understand initially. As discussed before, we will demonstrate the connection of X stream from home user via TCP/IP model that works on four layers. These four layers are associated with four types of protocol data units (PDU’s) i.e PDU 1, PDU2, PDU3 and PDU4. Exhibit 2 shows the initiation of a packet from the application layer i.e. layer four. Exhibit 2 Image retrieved from (James F. Curose & Keith W. Ross, 2000) Likewise, layer four creates a message M and is considered to be PDU 4, as it is associated with the highest layer. The message M incorporates several pa rameters that are modified and customized by the application itself. Parameters may include sender name, type of the message and related data. The home computer passes the data of the complete message M to the layer three of the protocol stack. The exhibit 2 shows layer three that is the home computer breaks the PDU 4 in to two parts i.e. M1 and M2. Likewise, the layer three is the home computer that combines with M1 and M2 which are called headers for developing PDU 3 in to two separate layers. Likewise, headers holds the additional information that is required by sender and the receiver on layer three to deploy the service from layer three to layer four. Accordingly, the process continues in the source and adds more headers while travelling through each layer till PDU 1 headers are created. Now PDU 1 is ready to be transmitted from the home computer to the X stream server via physical layer i.e. the physical link. On the other side i.e. X stream network receives PDU 1 and routes t hem to the protocol stack. Likewise, at every layer, the headers representing similar values are removed. Lastly, M is reconstructed from M1 and M2 and router to the X stream application. Network Access Layer Network layers is integrated with physical and data link layer that is responsible for physically connecting the computer with the wired or wireless medium for data transmission from the X stream. There are different types of wired networks available based on different

Cultural and Relationship Values Analysis Essay Example for Free

Cultural and Relationship Values Analysis Essay Baderman Island Resorts has decided that it is a good time to implement a new employee handbook. Please be sure to read this memo in its entirety to understand why the handbook has been changed. Baderman Island Resort continues to grow in popularity and brings all types of travelers to the island. Because of this, the Boardman Management Group thinks that having a well-developed employee handbook will be beneficial for current and future employees. Also, The Boardman Management Group understands how important it is that every employee understand the organization’s specific goals, cultural values. As well as understanding the significance of each member of the organization to providing the finest customer service to our guests. Baderman Island Resorts will be changing to follow a more compliance-based cultural system. Boardman Management Group feels that this change will allow for increased growth, success and profitability. This new system is not meant to discourage the employees from continuing to take the initiative to be self-motivating and to continue to provide quality customer service. The internet blog section will continue to remain so employees can make suggestions and offer ideas. This new handbook will still encourage anindividual-based culture. Employees are responsible for their own job performance and for making sure that they follow the policies and procedures. Although there will indeed be times when a team-based culture will be necessary in order to complete certain duties accurately and successfully. The mission and vision statement for all employees is the quality customer service, an extraordinary vacation experience where the guests’ needs and desires are met above and beyond, and to guarantee the guests will not be disappointed. There has been a change to the mission and vision statement that discusses the future additions and attractions that are the process of developmental stages which will show the future and current guests that the Baderman Island Resort will be the place to visit in the future. The first thing that will be covered in the new employee handbook will be employer rights. This will include health and safety, diversity, affirmative action and due process procedures. There will also be coverage of the employee rights as well. This will include the same items covered in the employer rights. The final use of the employee handbook will be as a training, reference, and compliance tool to help the organization stay organized and focused on the goals and objectives of the company. Employees will be able to stay knowledgeable on the policies and procedures, and to remind the employees of the employer’s responsibilities and their rights. My hope is that this memo has been informative towards the new employee handbook and the direction that Baderman Island Resorts is heading towards. I believe that the new employee handbook will be an excellent tool for the employees to prevent confusion and questions that the employees may have. Employee Handbook for Baderman Island Resort Mission and Vision of Baderman Island Resort The mission and vision statement for all employees is the quality customer service, an extraordinary vacation experience where the guests’ needs and desires are met above and beyond, and to guarantee the guests will not be disappointed. Cultural Values of Baderman Island Resort Baderman Island Resort has the belief that in order to continue to succeed in the current market that the organization will need to become a morecompliance-based culture. To ensure that all laws are followed to make sure that the integrity of the company and employees is followed. Employee Rights Baderman Island Resort is an Equal Opportunity Employer (EEOC). The company’s philosophy is to recognize individual attributes and values that each employee brings to the job with respect and acknowledgement. By recognizing these principles it will allow the company to successfully reach its goals of providing excellent customer services and ultimately corporate profitability. Employer Rights Baderman Island Resort has contracted with an employment law firm to provide legal advice and to handle any employee/employer disputes and EEOC issues. Baderman also has the responsibility to ensure a safe and healthy work place for all employees. However in the event that an employee is injured on the job or becomes ill, workers compensation and FMLA leave are offered as well.

Essay on the Evil in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown -- Young Goodman

The Evil in Young Goodman Brown  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      In my interpretation of the story, I will be discussing three main topics: the beginning conversation with Faith, the devilish character, and Brown’s wife’s meaning in the story.   Young Goodman Brown is about to take a journey like many others before him, across the threshold separating the young unknowing boys and the elderly sages.   This, however, will not be without peril, because aging is a testing process defined by trial and error, and the errors’ prices are sometimes significant.   This errand he is undertaking has an evil purpose.   It seems as though this night has been foreseen long ago by both Faith and Goodman Brown.   The wife begs him that, of all nights, he should stay this one home because she senses trouble.   The purpose of the journey is not discussed, because it is the passage b... ...; The last paragraph of the story indicates that this was not just a journey to mature, because he died like a heathen, away from the religious community.   He strayed his faith and he was punished for this.   Gloom is a big part of this story, symbolizing the forest, unknown, and evil.   The fact that every person in Salem, sinful or pious, was present in the forest can reflect some humor.   They act as zombies by night, and normal people by day, pretending one faith in the gloom, and returning to church at dawn.        

Distinction between Microeconomics and Macroeconomics Essay

Microeconomics is the study of individual economic units of an economy whereas macroeconomics is the study of aggregates of an economy as a whole. For example, when we study of an individual sugar mill manufacturing sugar, our study is micro analysis but if we study the entire sugar manufacturing sector of the economy, our study is macro analysis. Also please note if we study the problem of production of a firm, our analysis is micro study but if we study the problems of production of the whole economy, our analysis is macro study. Both Microeconomics and Macroeconomics are inter-dependent and complementary. The main difference between the Microeconomics and Macroeconomics are as follows: Microeconomics Macroeconomics 1. It is the study of individual economic units of an economy It is the study of economy as a whole and its aggregates. 2. It deals with individual income, individual prices and individual output, etc. It deals with aggregates like national income, general price level and national output, etc. 3. Its Central problem is price determination and allocation of resources. Its central problem is determination of level of income and employment. 4. Its main tools are demand and suply of a particular commodity/factor. Its main tools are aggregate demand and aggregate supply of economy as a whole. 5. It helps to solve the central problem of what, how and for whom to produce in the economy It helps to solve the central problem of full employment of resources in the economy. 6. It discusses how equilibrium of a consumer, a producer or an industry is attained. It is concerned with the determination of equilibrium level of incoem and employment of the economy. 7. Price is the main determinant of microeconomic problems. Income is the major determinant of macroeconomic problems. 8. Examples are: individual income, individual savings, price determination of a commodity, individual firm’s output, consumer’s equilibrium. Examples  are: National income, national savings, general price level, aggregate demand, aggregate supply, poverty, unemployment etc.

Elie Wiesel: a survivor of the Holocaust Essay

As a survivor of the inhumane, annihilating Holocaust, Elie Wiesel once said, â€Å"Having survived by chance, I was duty–bound to give meaning to my survival.†(â€Å"Having Survived†1). Elie Wiesel did not know at the time that he had a reason for surviving this tragedy, but soon realized that he survived to offer a story and message about the horrors of that time to a world that often seemed to block it out completely and forget (â€Å"Having Survived†1).To spread his message to the world, which is one of peace, redemption, and human nobleness, Wiesel speaks all over the world as a public orator. (â€Å"Elie Wiesel† 3). Elie Wiesel, an influential speaker and writer of the 1940s to present times, helped to render a further understanding of the abomination of The Holocaust through eloquence and deep thought, elaborate actions, and most of all, his strong traditional values. Elie Wiesel, a strong, courageous man, was subject to onerous acts in his childhood, yet in his present day, he discusses topics, such as hatred, all around the world with teenagers and adults(â€Å"Having Survived† 1). Born in Sighet, Transylvania on September 30, 1928, Wiesel lived an unexampled childhood(Berenbaum 2). In a lecture, he once said, â€Å"When human lives are endangered, when human dignity is in jeopardy.. Wherever men or women are persecuted because of their race, religion or political views, that place must–at the moment– become the center of the universe†(â€Å"Having Survived† 4). This quote symbolizes Wiesel’s view of the treacherous Holocaust, an event that changed mankind(â€Å"Having Survived† 4). As conditions of living began to change around Europe, 15 year old Wiesel’s life took a 360 degree turn for the worse when he and his family were taken to one of the many concentration camps set up by the NAZI leaders, at Birkenau and Auschwitz(Berenbaum 2). Wiesel was kept at this camp until January 1945, when at that point, he was sent with thousands of other Jewish prisoners to Buchenwald in a forced death march which was designed to kill the remaining prisoners, but ended up getting saved by the Allies(Berenbaum 2). When the war finally ended, Wiesel decided to go to secondary school in France and broaden his skills, where he studied journalism and began working for an Israeli newspaper, which helped him develop the expressiveness he has today(Berenbaum 2). Determined to get his message to the world, Wiesel began to write books about his experiences, such as his most famous work, Night, which is known today as one of the most  influential books of Holocaust literature(â €Å"Elie Wiesel†2). In this novel, Wiesel used his own experiences and memories while imprisoned to bring to life another character(â€Å"Elie Wiesel† 2). This character was a vehicle for Wiesel to express his feelings of sadness and despair because he survived, when others did not(â€Å"Elie Wiesel† 2). After the fame of his novel, Wiesel became a professor of humanities at Boston University in 1976, and began to speak to students about the struggles our world overcame(â€Å"Having Survived† 3). In a class, he once wisely said, â€Å"Without memory, there is no culture. Without memory, there would be no civilization, no society, no future† (â€Å"Without memory† 1). Wiesel wanted to stress the idea that without memory of what happened before, the future is doomed to make the same mistakes; accordingly, Wiesel was educated in sacred Jewish texts as a child, which he spoke about often(Berenbaum 2). When Wiesel began to travel and speak to keep the memories of his experi ences relevant, he became recognized worldwide and in 1986, became a recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize for his work and speech on behalf of victims, families and people everywhere(â€Å"Having Survived† 4). Wiesel used the money from the Nobel Prize to found the Elie Wiesel Foundations for Humanity in the late 80s and early 90s(â€Å"Having Survived† 4). His foundation sponsors essay contests for college and high school students and gathers well-known people together from all over the world as one to discuss and debate many different kinds of topics such as prejudice and bias(â€Å"Having Survived 4†). Even today, Wiesel continues to travel in his old age and speak out against brutality and injustice, he has written over three dozen books(and has been the subject of at least two dozen), but even after he leaves this world his legacy will live on as being truly strong and brave(â€Å"Having Survived† 4). Wiesel originally represented just one of the victims of the problem our world faced in the 1930’s to 40’s(Koestler-Grack timeline). During this time, the people of Sighet, Transylvania happened to be improvident to what was occurring in the world. In a lecture, Elie Wiesel stated, â€Å"There may be times when we are powerless to prevent injustice, but there must never be a time when we fail to protest,† which is ultimately what the people of this time were going to be forced to do(â€Å"There may† 1). This problem served as a major political issue, though the results were social. When Hitler rose to power in 1933, nobody knew or even thought that his dictatorship would lead to the deaths of over  fifty million people(â€Å"When Adolf† 1). In 1939, Germany sparked World War II with the invasion of Poland, and Hitler developed his desire for power(Koestler-Grack timeline). His â€Å"ethnic cleansings,† also known as genocide, led to what we know as â€Å"The Holocaust,† which occurred between 1933-1945(â€Å"Having Survived† 2). With the help of Hitler’s Nazi association, Germany systematically and slowly murdered millions of innocent people, like Jews and Gypsies(â€Å"Having Survived† 2). The Nazis’ overall plan was to take control of the majority of Europe and wipe out all of the European Jews in existence so he could bring out his new race of all blonde-haired, blue eyed citizens(â€Å"Having Survived†1). In the spring of 1944, the people of Sighet had their lives changed forever with the arrival of Adolf Eichmann to their town(â€Å"Having Survived† 2). Eichmann, the man who made all of the killing happen with his German policy, wrote that Jews in conquered countries could be taken without consent to concentration camps where people who held the title â€Å"enemies of the state† remained hostage and often ended up killed(â€Å"Having Survived† 2). Eichmann had orders from Hitler to extinguish an estimated 600,000 Romanian Jews in six weeks or less(â€Å" Having Survived† 2). By the end of those six weeks, the entire population of 15,000 Jews in Sighet were taken to camps, and Elie Wiesel contributed to that population(â€Å"Having Survived† 2). After surviving the war and the devastation, Elie knew that he had to make his voice heard about the horrors and his experiences; consequently, nobody in the world seemed to want to accept the fact that it had happened.(â€Å"Having Survived† 3). As he travels around the world today, he constantly says, â€Å"No human race is superior; no religious faith is inferior. All collective judgments are wrong. Only racists make them.†(â€Å"No Human† 1). Elie uses his skills as a speaker and orator to make the tragedy and truth known, for he brings out empathy for injustice during the process. As a social activist, through his writing and his speech, Wiesel used his work to solicit for Jews and for all of humanity(â€Å"Berenbaum 3). Wiesel survived, and uses his experiences to make the facts known so we never face a problem like this one again; moreover, his works speak of the need for people to feel compassion and gratitude for other human beings(â€Å"Having Survive d†3). When Wiesel speaks, he constantly says the same thing again and again: There is no compensation for what happened {in The Holocaust}. But at least a certain balance can be established that opposing fear there is hope, hope that when we remember the fear..  our memory becomes a shield for the future  (â€Å"Elie Wiesel† 3). Wiesel firmly believes that the efforts he has made and the efforts that others have made to keep the education of The Holocaust alive will prevent a devastation of that kind from happening again(â€Å"Elie Wiesel† 3). His silence originally broke in the mid 1950s in an interview with Francois Mauriac, who was a novelist(â€Å"Having Survived† 2).While listening to his story, Mauriac felt moved and ultimately urged Wiesel to speak out and tell the world what he had seen and heard(â€Å"Having Survived† 2). Elie Wiesel serves as a major public orator and influential writer(Berenbaum 3). In addition to his writings and speeches regarding the persecution of the Jews, both in the past and in the present, Wiesel has made an effort to speak out on behalf of all races, genders, religions and national origins that have been persecuted(â€Å"Elie Wiesel† 4). As a result and for times yet to come, Wiesel has been quoted saying, â€Å"There I am an optimist. I think it cannot happen again. I think the Holocaust was a unique event, therefore it will remain unique.†(â€Å"Elie Wiesel† 4). In 1978, Wiesel was asked by U.S President Jimmy Carter to be the head of his group that became known as the U.S Holocaust Memorial Council, which met with European officials to find information about other victims, visited concentration camps, and was responsible for the creation of the U.S Holocaust Museum in Washington D.C(â€Å"Having Survived† 4). Elie Wiesel’s words and novels act as a palliative to those who were subject to this historical event, and his words will continue to live on as a reminder in history. Through inspiration and eloquent speech and writing, Elie Wiesel continues to discern the disloyalty and cruelty of The Holocaust. Proudly, Wiesel travels the world giving life lectures, which have impacted and influenced the lives of many. His experiences help America, as an international unit, to prevent events like The Holocaust from repeating. As the years pass, Wiesel ages, yet his legacy will continue throughout the future generations.

William essays

William essays William Randolph Hearst was born on April 29, 1863, in San Francisco, California. He is the only child in his family. Hearsts father was a self-made multimillionaire in the mining industry. One day, Hearsts father asked him what he wanted to do. The young boy answered him and said he wanted to take over the San Francisco Examiner. His father was puzzled because Hearst could have anything in the family empire and he decided to take over the family paper business. The San Francisco Examiner, at the time was not doing too well. He had full control of the paper at the age of 23. William Randolph Hearst took over and changed the whole newspaper business. William Hearst was hungry for power. He controlled the lives of many celebrities. William Hearst was not a follower. He set his own rules and pioneered the way much newspaper is written today. His inspiration started at a very young age. A man named Joseph Pulitzer inspired Hearst. He wanted to monopolize the newspaper industry. The only way he could do this is to recruit the best journalists available. The list included Ambrose Bierce, Stephen Crane, Mark Twain, Jack London and Richard Harding. He knew that if he hired these men to work for him, he would have the greatest newspaper in the world. Hearst was not a very kind human being. There was a long time rumor that William Hearst was a very prejudice man. Unlike Henry Luce, he personally hated minorities. The newspaper was a powerful weapon to express his racial feelings towards many minorities. Luce wanted to help others by informing them of real news. William Hearst had many articles on how he thought Mexicans were lazy. He wanted to create an image that they were violent and used marijuana regularly. In his book, the author, David Nasaw states that Newspapers were his personal playthings, to be milked for money and to pound home to readers his brand of politics. Hearst uses his newspaper empire to get...

Saving Private Ryan Essay

Saving Private Ryan Essay Saving Private Ryan Essay Saving Private Ryan EssayThe first paragraph of a Saving Private Ryan essay should spell out the main purpose or thesis behind the essay. To do this you should familiarize yourself with the original source by:Reading in and around the textReading of literary reviewsBy watching the film a few times. Once you are familiar with the source, brainstorm before asking yourself the following questions and writing the outline of your essay:According to you is Saving Private Ryan all about exposing the ugly face of war-instead of glorifying it?Do you think there is a very real misrepresentation of life due to the fact that the role that women played in the war has been entirely ignored?Is the theme of Saving Private Ryan anti-war or anti-women?Your Saving Private Ryan essay should comment on the fact that this is a film in which Women appear, only very briefly, as mothers, wives, typists (Gans). In that sense does Saving Private Ryan give an accurate picture of the Second World War in whic h the pivotal role of women has long been recognized? (It is a well known fact that women took over the day to day running of the country at a time when most of the men were away at war)-so does Saving Private Ryan give a faulty view that implies that men were largely responsible for saving our country and that women had a very limited role to play as housewives and typists?Your Saving Private Ryan essay should also draw attention to the fact that Graham is trying to show us what the frontlines of war are really like; as he focuses on the slaughter and mayhem of the D-Day landing on Omaha Beach and we witness horrific scenes of a soldier picking up his own arm, an injured soldiers guts spilling out, or a legless soldier trying to crawl with the help of his arms.Graham does not spare the viewers the horrors of war but in the process feminists feel that he is passing a comment on the insignificance of women by keeping completely silent about their role Women are virtually absent from Private Ryan, and they appear only in a soft-focus montage of breasts and lapping waves (Goldstein). These are some of the aspects your Saving Private Ryan essay can touch on.

Unit 6 Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 6 Discussion - Essay Example He compares General Motors to Volkswagen, the company which increased their investment in Audi and received a significant increase in their revenue (Rosevear, 2012). This is the best route for GM to take if it plans to reestablish itself amongst the world’s elite companies. Production of Cadillac may be a lucrative investment but the company already has made some other important investments that can be successful in the nearest future. This is a major challenge to the investment manager since he cannot stop an investment that is already earning the company millions. The investment is tested and, therefore, has an edge over the new one. The existing investments will, therefore, get more funds allocated to them in terms of capital. Maybe, the company has to make a painstaking anlysis to figure out what investments are the best and whatare not effective for the company. It is the only way the best investment decisions can be made. Rosevear, J. (2012). Why cadillac is crucial to GMs revival (GM). Stock Investing Advice: Stock Research. Retrieved from